Disable Recursion for DNS

Recursion allows your DNS server to contact other DNS servers to assist in resolving domain names when it cannot resolve the domain itself. While recursion can prove to be useful tool when it is necessary, it also opens the DNS server open to attack, which could take down the DNS server altogether. Recursion is generally only necessary when there is a known need for it. If recursion is not a known need for your DNS server, it is best to disable recursion. Follow the steps below based on your operating system or control panel to disable DNS recursion.

Disable Recursion in Plesk

Log into the Plesk Admin Panel.
Select Tools and Settings.
Click DNS Template Settings from the section.
Select Localnets from the DNS Recursion section.
Click the OK button.

Disable Recursion in Windows Server 2003 and 2008

Go to DNS Manager from the Start menu:

Click the Start button.
Select Administrative Tools.
Select DNS.

Now Right click on the desired DNS Server in the Console Tree.
Select the Proprerties tab.
Click the Advanced button in the Server Options section.
Select the Disable Recursion checkbox.
Click the OK button.

Disable Recursion in Linux

Locate the named.conf file within the operating system.Open the named.conf file in your preferred editor.

Add the following details to the Options section:

opttions{
.............
allow-transfer {"none";};
allow-recursion {"none";};
recursion no;
............
};

Save and exit the file. The restart the named service. 

# /etc/init.d/named restart

Error: You need to install the missing perl modules and then install csf in DirectAdmin

If you end up with the error "Error: You need to install the missing perl modules and then install csf in DirectAdmin"

Running the following commands should fix the issue. 

# yum install perl-Time-HiRes
OR
# yum install perl-libwww-perl

Error in Kloxo: Could not open database connection

If you get the below error while trying to access Kloxo Control Panel

Could not open database connection

You can fix it by excecuting below commands from the server.

#mysql -u root -p
mysql> grant all on kloxo.* to kloxo@localhost identified by '{new password}';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit

Then do,

#cat "{new password}" > usr/local/lxlabs/kloxo/etc/conf/kloxo.pass
#sh /script/restart

Replace "new password " with your password in above commands.

This will fix the issue !!!

Weird charecters on site

If you find weird characters in your site instead of the original content as shown below, you can try the fix given below.

 K511����� �Ϸ��Ϸ�ر� ��ȥ���� 917������Ϸ��

For fixing this issue, open your " http.conf " file with your favorite editor

# vi http.conf

And find the line,

AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 

 And comment it.

#AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

Now restart apache.

# /etc/init.d/httpd restart 

Now you should be able to view the site without any weird characters.!!


  

directive requires additional arguments

If you get the following error while trying to start apache in a kloxo server 

#/etc/init.d/http start
Starting httpd: Syntax error on line 2 of /home/apache/conf/defaults/_default.conf:
<VirtualHost> directive requires additional arguments
[FAILED]

Run the following command

# sh /script/fixweb

This should fix the issue..

Starting nginx: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)

While trying to start / restart nginx, if get the following error

# /etc/init.d/nginx restart
Stopping nginx: [FAILED]
Starting nginx: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()

Run the following command to fix the issue. 

# fuser -k 80/tcp

 Where:  fuser - identify processes using files or sockets
               -k     Kill  processes accessing the file.

Now you can start / restart nginx successfully.

# /etc/init.d/nginx restart
Stopping nginx: [ OK ]
Starting nginx: [ OK ]

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!................

Error: Kernel image does not exist: /boot/solus-vmlinuz

If you come across the error " Error: Kernel image does not exist: /boot/solus-vmlinuz " while trying to start a xen vps using the below comand

# xm create -c /home/xen/vmID/vmID.cfg
Using config file "/home/xen/vmID/vmID.cfg".
Error: Kernel image does not exist: /boot/solus-vmlinuz

To fix this, just run the following php script.

# php /usr/local/solusvm/includes/xenkernel.php
Making SolusVM initrd...
Setting kernel links...
Kernel setup completed.

Now, you could start the vps without any issue.... 

# xm create -c /home/xen/vmID/vmID.cfg

Install suPHP on debian

Before starting the installation install the prerequisites needed to build mod_suphp with the command below.

#apt-get install php5-cgi apache2-prefork-dev

Now move to the directory where you would like to download the installation file

#cd /usr/local/src

The download it with the command below.

#wget http://www.suphp.org/download/suphp-0.6.2.tar.gz

Now unpack the file

#tar xvfz suphp-0.6.2.tar.gz

and,

#cd suphp-0.6.2

Now you can install with the following commands.

#./configure

Now if you end up with following error while running ./configure

APXS was not found, so mod_suphp will not be built!

Run the command again with the following option. ( where path to apxs may differ )

#./configure --with-apxs=/usr/bin/apxs2

 Now you can proceed with the commands below.

#make
#make install

Now add the module to apache.

#vi /etc/apache2/httpd.conf

And add the following line.

LoadModule suphp_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_suphp.so

Then restart apache.

#/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

DONE!!

Install Ioncube loader in Debian

For installing Ioncube loader in debian follow the steps below.

Get into the server and change the directory where you would like to download the package to. 

#cd /usr/local/src

Now download IonCube loader using the command below ( chose according to which architecture you have )

#wget http://downloads.ioncube.com/loader_downloads/ioncube_loaders_lin_x86.tar.gz
                                                        OR
#wget http://downloads.ioncube.com/loader_downloads/ioncube_loaders_lin_x86-64.tar.gz

Now extract the downloaded file

#tar zxvf ioncube_loaders_lin_*.tar.gz

 Now move the directory ioncube to a permanent location

#mv ioncube /usr/local/

Now edit the php.ini file and add the following ( You can choose the version of ioncube loader the one that suites your needs )

#vi /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini
zend_extension = /usr/local/ioncube/ioncube_loader_lin_5.2.so

Now restart apache

#/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Done !!

umount: /***: device is busy.

Sometimes when you try to umount a device you end up with error " umount: /***: device is busy ", 

e.g.

# umount /***

umount: /***: device is busy.
(In some cases useful info about processes that use
the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))

Fix 1: It means that some process has a working directory or an open file handle underneath the mount point. The best thing to do is to end the offending process, change its working directory or close the file handle before unmounting.

Fix 2: There is an alternative on Linux though. Using umount -l calls a "lazy" unmount. The filesystem will still be mounted but you won't be able to see or use it, except for processes that are already using it. When the offending program exits (through whatever means) the system will "finish" unmounting the filesystem.

# umount -l /***

 This wil FIX it........

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

If you end-up with the error ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2), it means 2 things.

1. You don't have permissions to access the directory /var/lib/mysql/. Check the permission there and change the ownership mysql if it is not. For that do the following

#chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql

Then, restart mysql

#/etc/init.d/mysql restart

2. If the permissions are correct, the /tmp/mysql.sock may not be existing. If so do the following.

#/etc/init.d/mysql stop

Then touch a file mysql.sock

#touch /tmp/mysql.sock

Then start the mysql server.

#/etc/init.d/mysql start

 This should fix the issue.....

Install nginx server

Ton install nginx server login to the server as root. Then navigate to the directory whre you would like to download the source file. I usually use /usr/local/src.

#cd /usr/local/src

You can now donload the installation file as shown below.

#wget http://nginxcp.com/latest/nginxadmin.tar

Once the download is finished, extract the tar file that you have downloaded.

#tar xf nginxadmin.tar

Now get into publicnginx

#cd publicnginx

And run the command below to install. 

./nginxinstaller install

You are done !! 

bash: scp: command not found lost connection

 When you try to scp some thing to a remote server you may endup with the error as shown below.

# scp somefile 10.10.10.10:/home
root@10.10.10.10's password: 
bash: scp: command not found
lost connection

This error occurs because the remote host is missing the openssh-clients package. To fix this issue just login to the remote server, and run the command below.

#yum install openssh-clients

This will fix the issue and you could now scp without any issue.

WHM does not show the nameserver ips

When you check the nameserver ips from WHM, it wont show the ip some times. 

Main >> DNS Functions >> Nameserver IPs

To fix this, login to the server as root. The navigate to /var/cpanel.

#cd /var/cpanel

Then make a backup of the file nameserverips.yaml

#cp nameserverips.yaml nameserverips.yaml.bkp

Now edit the file using any editor.

#vi  nameserverips.yaml

It will look like as shown below:

---
ns1.yourdomain.com:
  "": 0
  count: '2'
  zones: ns1.yourdomain.com,ns2.yourdomain.com
ns2.yourdomain.com:
  "": 0
  count: '2'
  zones: ns1.yourdomain,ns2.yourdomain

Now make the following changes in the file.

---
ns1.yourdomain.com:
  "10.10.10.1": 1
  count: '2'
  zones: ns1.yourdomain.com,ns2.yourdomain.com
ns2.yourdomain.com:
  "10.10.10.2": 1
  count: '2'
  zones: ns1.yourdomain,ns2.yourdomain

Where you should replace the nameservers ns1.yourdomain.com and ns2.yourdomain.com with your nameservers, and  ips 10.10.10.1 and 10.10.10.2 to your name server ips.

How to install Csf

Csf installation is very simple and quite straightforward. Login to the server as root, then navigate to the desired location where you wan't to download the installation file.

#cd /usr/local/src

Then download the installation package:

#wget http://www.configserver.com/free/csf.tgz

Now ontar the package using the blow command

#tar -xzf csf.tgz 

Now get into the directory csf

#cd csf 

Now run the below command to install

#sh install.sh

 Once the installation is done, you can do the configuration in

#/etc/csf/csf.conf

Once this is done  disable TESTING mode, lfd will not start while this is enabled. For this change the value to "0" from "1" in csf.conf file.

TESTING = "0"

Once this is done, restart the csf .

#csf -r 

DONE!!!! 

How to install SSL Certificate in a server running Lighttpd

For installing SSL Certificate for domain running in Lighttpd, follow the steps bellow. 

Login to the server and download / copy the certificate files.

Once this has been done, you need to concatenate the certificate and key file into a single pem file. For this follow the step below.

#cat yourdomain-name.key yourdomain-name.crt > yourdomain-name.pem

Now you need to edit lighttpd.conf file and add the following lines.

# vi /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf

     var.confdir = "/etc/lighttpd"
     $SERVER["socket"] == "10.10.10.10:443" {
     ssl.engine = "enable"
     ssl.pemfile = var.confdir + "/yourdomain-name.pem"
     ssl.ca-file = var.confdir + "/your.crt"
     server.name = "your.domain.com"
     server.document-root = "/your/document/root/" }

Make sure that the var.confdir (/etc/lighttpd) is the location where you saved your certificate files. Also change the IP address (10.10.10.10) to your IP address.

Now restart Lighttpd.

#restart lighttpd

You are done. !!!!

How to avoid " cp: overwrite " while copying

While you copy some directory or files it will prompt " cp: overwrite " as shown below.

# cp -rf /some/file/or/directory/* /another/location
cp: overwrite `./some/files/yyy'?

 If there is lot of files, it will hard to do. So to avoid this, just put "\" before the command cp

# \cp -rf /some/file/or/directory/* /another/location

This will eliminate the interactive mode.

how to change mysql password for an user

Suppose you have got a user " db_user " and you have lost the password for the user. You need to reset it. For this just follow the steps bellow.

Get into the server as root, then get into mysql as root user.

#mysql -u root -p******

Where ***** should be replaced with your password for mysql root user.

Then execute the following commands.

mysql> use mysql;

mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'db_user'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('new-password'); 

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

           Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>quit

Now the password will be reset to  new-password for the user db_user.

Assign dedicated ip to a domain in Cpanel

Assigning dedicated ip to an account is simple. You just need to follow the steps below.


Home » IP Functions

Home » IP Functions » Change a Site’s IP Address

From here select the account for which the ip has to be changed. Once selected click "Change" button at the bottom.

Now select the ip from the list that you click on the drop down button, and click " Change ".

This will change the ip of the account. 

!! 'httpd' is disabled via '/etc/apachedisable', please re-enable to continue. !!

You may end up with the following error while running /scripts/easyapache

!! 'httpd' is disabled via '/etc/apachedisable', please re-enable to continue. !!

To resolve this, Login to your WHM

Home » Service Configuration » Service Manager

The boxes for http would be unchecked, Just check it

Then Click the " Save " button at the bottom of the page.

Now you can run easyapache without any issue.